| Résumé: |
In conservation, it becomes difficult to recognize the interests of communities in future territorial redefinitions if these are not mapped. A situation that might leave communities unprotected, worsening their economic situation and further disturbing cultural identities that are often fragile. This thesis aims to explore how conservation tools and their application could simultaneously recognize environmental and human interests, using the identification of HCVs in São Tomé as a case study, where an initial assessment was mainly based on biodiversity values. The aim here is to integrate additional applications of the tool, focusing on socio-economic and cultural aspects, using alternative mapping methods and integrating them into the so-called “traditional” mapping methods. This works revealed that there are forest resources that are part of people's daily lives and are needed to meet their basic needs, and that certain locations are considered sacred and part of the identity of the community. The dependence on natural resources and the existence or not of sacred places changes according to cultural, historical, environmental but also accessibility and land tenure parameters. Finally, this thesis shows that it is indeed possible to include human interests in the definition of new conservation areas, under the condition that the local context is considered in the definition of areas and in the development of management tools, at the community level. |
Mémoire [6.8 Mo]