Small and medium cities in India and elsewhere in the developing world have recently experienced a rapid demographic growth. These cities often face multiple and growing challenges of governance. This project aims to fill a knowledge gap on environmental dynamics and environmental urban governance in small and medium cities in India. The project examines the trajectories and effects of recent political-economic reforms regarding the effectiveness and sustainability of environmental governance, particularly in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal that differ greatly in terms of economic-reform and decentralization policies.

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